icha cahyani
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Subject : writing in professional context 2
The Compound Sentence
The Compound Sentence
contains two or more main or independent clauses.
Main clauses can be separated by a period (.).
A period indicates a complete stop.
Example:
In Hawaii, a baby's
first birthday is traditionally celebrated with the Baby Luau. This special
occasion is accompanied by many time-honored rituals.
The Semicolon
The semicolon is used
to connect main clauses.
The semicolon (;) indicates a complete
stop.
It can be used to join main clauses that
are closely related in content.
Example:
The first born child is
called hiapo; in the past, a male hiapo was raised by his grandparents; he was
referred to as punahele or chosen; over the course of time, he would be
responsible for preserving the family's history by memorizing genealogy charts.
The semicolon has a
secondary function.
The semicolon (;) is used to separate
multiple items in a series.
It is used when items with commas make it
hard to see where one item stops and another begins.
Example:
In Korean families,
certain items were set on a table in front of the birthday child with the
intention of allowing him or her to choose a future path from among things like
rice, indicating that there would always be food on the table; noodles which
were meant to insure a long life; dried red dates, placed on a dish, that
expressed a silent wish for that baby to grow up to bear many children in the
future, and a silver dollar to stake a claim on a life of wealth.
The Colon
The colon is used to
begin or end a series of related ideas.
The colon (:) indicates a complete stop.
A series using a colon must be preceded or
followed by a main clause.
Examples:
Other objects placed
before the child indicated possible career choices to be followed: selecting a
book meant becoming a scholar; picking up a pencil pointed to a career as a
writer; grasping a paint brush indicated a desire to become an artist.
In the preceding example, the colon (:) at
the end of the main clause signals the start of a series.
Semicolons (;) separate the main clause
items in that series.
Once again, a series
using a colon must be preceded or followed by a main clause.
Examples:
Wrong:
At a birthday
celebration for a girl, objects with symbolic associations might include: a
doll to indicate the likelihood of her becoming a good mother or a needle and
thread to forecast her future role as a talented seamstress.
Right:
On the other hand, a
boy would be presented with items such as these to choose from: a hammer meant
a future as a carpenter, and a miniature shovel spoke of an interest in
farming.
Coordinate Connectives
Here is a list of coordinate connectives.
They should be memorized.
for and nor
but or
yet so
As presented, the first letter of each
coordinate connective spells out the words - fan boys.
for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so should aid
you in memorizing these terms.
Use for to indicate a reason for doing
something.
Use and to indicate a continuation of
thought.
Use nor to indicate a double negative
meaning not this one and not that one.
Use but to indicate a contrast.
Use or to indicate an alternative.
Use yet to indicate a contrast.
Use so to indicate a result.
Primary Functions:
The primary function of
coordinate connectives is to join main clauses of equal weight and value.
Main clauses can be linked together with a
comma and a coordinate connective.
Because the written language follows the
spoken one, a comma (pause) plus the coordinate connective is used to join main
clauses.
The coordinate connective is also used to
prevent run-on sentences.
Example:
Placing symbolic gifts
in front of a child to choose from and reading meaning into the first item
touched is not all that unusual, for on the Mainland, it was customary to place
a slice of bread, a coin, and a Bible in front of a small child to see if
health, wealth, or wisdom would be dominant in that young person's future.
If the coordinate
connective nor is used to join two main clauses, the second main clause will
always have inverted word order, and the verb will come before the subject.
Example:
Foods like hard boiled
eggs tinted red and served with sweet pickled ginger as a symbol of new birth,
dried aku or tuna, and salted lomi salmon prepared with tomatoes and onions
were never in short supply, nor was there a shortage of tables, decorated with
ti leaves and flowers, to display colorful foods to their best advantage.
Secondary Functions:
Coordinate connectives
are used to join items in a series.
If the items in the series are short,
simple words or phrases, only commas (pauses) and a coordinate connective are
needed to separate them.
Current standard usage calls for a comma
after the item before last in a series.
Example:
A pua'a or kalua pig
was quite often the focal point of the edible feast after it had been killed,
roasted in an underground oven or imu, and served up to invited guests.
The coordinate and,
which links equals, may be used in place of commas to separate related items in
a series.
Example:
Gifts for the
one-year-old guest of honor traditionally include items of clothing and toys
wrapped in red paper and money placed inside a red envelope to convey good luck
and best wishes to the birthday child.
Coordinate connectives
are used to join words of equal weight and value.
Example:
Newly composed songs
and chants and a wide selection of "ono-licious" foods made the Baby
Luau a memorable event and created a desire on the part of the guests to savor
the chance to "talk story" with friends and relatives on such a happy
occasion.
The words songs, chants, and selection are
subjects of equal importance in the main clause.
The words made and created are verbs of
equal importance in the main clause.
When slang expressions like
"ono-licious" and "talk story" are used in place of regular
terms such as tasty and chatting, they are placed in quotes to indicate to the
reader that substandard English or catch-phrasing has been deliberately
selected for dramatic effect.
Coordinate connectives
may also be used to begin a sentence.
Example:
And to many people's
way of thinking, there is no better way to celebrate the successful completion
of a child's first year of life than to attend a luau of this kind.
A compound sentence
contains two independent clauses joined by a coordinator. The Coordinators are
as follows: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so. (Helpful hint: The first letter of
each of the Coordinators spells fanboys.) Except for very short sentences,
Coordinators are always preceded by a comma. In the following compound
sentences, subjects are in yellow, verbs are in green, and the Coordinators and
the commas That Precede Them are in red.
A. I tried to speak Spanish, and my friend tried to speak Bahasa.
B. Alejandro played football, so Maria went shopping.
C. Alejandro played football, for Maria went shopping.
The above three sentences are compound sentences. Each sentence contains two independent clauses, and They are joined by a coordinator with a comma preceding it. Note how the conscious use of Coordinators can change the relationship the between the clauses. Sentences B and C, for example, are identical except for the Coordinators. In sentence B, the which Occurred first action? Obviously, "Alejandro played football" first, and as a consequence, "Maria went shopping. In sentence C," Maria went shopping "first. In sentence C," Alejandro played football "Because, possibly, he did not have anything else to do, for or Because "Maria went shopping." How can the use of other Coordinators change the relationship the between the two clauses? What implications would the use of "yet" or "but" have on the meaning of the sentence?
Compound sentence
A compound sentence contains two independent clauses joined by a coordinator. Coordinator are as follows: for, and, or, but, or, yet, so. (Helpful hint: The first letter of each coordinator fanboys spell) Except. For very short sentences, coordinators are always preceded by a comma. In the following compound sentences, subjects are in yellow, verbs in green, and the coordinators and the commas that precede them are red.
A. I tried to speak Spanish, and my friend tried to speak English.
B. Alejandro played football, so Maria went shopping.
Alejandro C. playing football, for Maria went shopping.
Above three sentences are compound sentences. Each sentence contains two independent clauses, and they were joined by the coordinator with a comma preceding it. Notice how the conscious use of coordinators can change the relationship between the clauses. Sentences B and C, for example, are identical except for the coordinator. In sentence B, which occurs the first act? Obviously, "Alejandro played football" first, and as a consequence, "Maria went shopping in the C line," Maria went shopping "first .. In sentence C," Alejandro played football "because, perhaps, he does not have anything more to do, for or because "Maria went shopping." How does the use of other coordinators change the relationship between the two clauses? What implications would the use of "not yet" or "but" to the meaning of the sentence?
http://www.eslbee.com/sentences.htm
A compound sentence is a sentence the which has two independent clauses linked together. A compound sentence has to have the two clauses linked together by a conjunction of some sort. This may take the form of a correlative conjunction, a coordinating conjunction, a semicolon or functioning as a conjunction. A comma is Often used to help offset the two independent clauses as well, although it is not usually needed grammatically.
One can contrast the compound sentence with Both the simple sentence and the complex sentence. A simple sentence is a sentence in the which there is a subject and a predicate, and in the which a complete thought is expressed, allowing it to stand alone. For example, We run outside every day. is a simple sentence, as is The moon is white. A complex sentence, on the other hand, includes Both an independent clause and a dependent clause. For example, the sentence, When stars fall, I like to make-wishes. is a complex sentence, with stars fall, the dependent clause, and I like to make-wishes the independent clause.
To form a compound sentence, you take two independent clauses, the which Could serve as simple sentences by themselves, and links Them with a conjunction. The most common type of conjunction used is the coordinating conjunction. There are seven coordinating conjunctions in Bahasa: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so. These seven can be easily Remembered by the mnemonic fanboys, with each letter representing the first letter of each coordinator.
For example, We can take two simple sentences: Jane likes to watch football. and Bob learned to knit. We can then connect Them with a coordinating conjunction to create a compound sentence like: Jane likes to watch football, and Bob learned to knit. or Jane likes to watch football, so Bob learned to knit. We use the coordinating conjunction determines the meaning of our compound sentence, and of course not all Coordinators work for all independent clauses, independent clauses but all need to have at least one conjunction to be joined together.
A compound sentence can also use a pairing of words That help each other out, known as correlative conjunctions. There are four common pairings of correlative conjunctions: both and and, not only and but also, either and or, and Neither and nor. For example, We can take the independent clauses: The moon is full. and the stars are out. We can then join Them together using one of our pairings to get: Both the moon is full, and the stars are out. Neither or the moon is full, nor the stars are out.
A semicolon can also act as a conjunction to form a compound sentence. For example, We can take the two independent clauses We just used, and join Them together with a semicolon to form: The moon is full; the stars are out. In this Way We link the two clauses more closely than if We Were to have Them as a fully independent simple sentences, but We Do not link more explicitly than Them That.
A compound sentence is a sentence that has two independent clauses linked together. A compound sentence has two clauses must be linked together by a combination of some sort. This may take the form of correlative conjunctions, coordinating conjunctions, or semicolons function as a conjunction. A comma is often used to help offset the two independent clauses as well, although not usually necessary grammatical.
One can contrast compound sentence with two simple sentences and complex sentences. A simple sentence is a sentence that is the subject and predicate, and where a complete thought is expressed, allowing it to stand alone. For example, we ran out every day. is a simple sentence, like the Moon is white. A complex sentence, on the other hand, include the clause of free and bound clause. For example, the sentence, When the stars fall, I want to make a wish. is a complex sentence, with falling stars the dependent clause, and I want to create a desire independent clause.
To form a compound sentence, you take two independent clauses, which can serve as a simple sentence itself, and connect them with a joint. The most common type used is to coordinate the joint. There are seven coordinating conjunctions in English: for, and, or, but, or, yet, and so on. Seven can be easily remembered by the mnemonic fanboys, with each letter representing the first letter of each coordinator.
For example, we can take two simple sentences: Jane likes to watch football. and Bob learn to knit. We can then connect them with coordinating together to create a compound sentence such as: Jane likes to watch football, and Bob learn to knit. or Jane likes to watch football, so that Bob learned to knit. Coordinating conjunctions we use to determine the meaning of our compound sentence, and certainly not all coordinators work for all the independent clause, independent clauses but all must have at least one conjunction must join together.
A compound sentence can also use a pair of mutual help, which is known as correlative conjunctions. There are four common pair of correlative conjunctions: both and and, not only but also, either and or, and good and not. For example, we can take an independent clause: a full moon. The stars and beyond. We can then join them together using one of our partners to get the: Second full moon, and stars are out. or also a full moon, or stars are out.
semicolon can also act as a frame to form a compound sentence. For example, we can take two independent clauses we just used, and join them together with a semicolon to form: the full Moon; the stars are out. In this way we connect the two clauses is closer than if we have them as fully independent simple sentences, but we do not link them more explicit than that.
A. I tried to speak Spanish, and my friend tried to speak Bahasa.
B. Alejandro played football, so Maria went shopping.
C. Alejandro played football, for Maria went shopping.
The above three sentences are compound sentences. Each sentence contains two independent clauses, and They are joined by a coordinator with a comma preceding it. Note how the conscious use of Coordinators can change the relationship the between the clauses. Sentences B and C, for example, are identical except for the Coordinators. In sentence B, the which Occurred first action? Obviously, "Alejandro played football" first, and as a consequence, "Maria went shopping. In sentence C," Maria went shopping "first. In sentence C," Alejandro played football "Because, possibly, he did not have anything else to do, for or Because "Maria went shopping." How can the use of other Coordinators change the relationship the between the two clauses? What implications would the use of "yet" or "but" have on the meaning of the sentence?
Compound sentence
A compound sentence contains two independent clauses joined by a coordinator. Coordinator are as follows: for, and, or, but, or, yet, so. (Helpful hint: The first letter of each coordinator fanboys spell) Except. For very short sentences, coordinators are always preceded by a comma. In the following compound sentences, subjects are in yellow, verbs in green, and the coordinators and the commas that precede them are red.
A. I tried to speak Spanish, and my friend tried to speak English.
B. Alejandro played football, so Maria went shopping.
Alejandro C. playing football, for Maria went shopping.
Above three sentences are compound sentences. Each sentence contains two independent clauses, and they were joined by the coordinator with a comma preceding it. Notice how the conscious use of coordinators can change the relationship between the clauses. Sentences B and C, for example, are identical except for the coordinator. In sentence B, which occurs the first act? Obviously, "Alejandro played football" first, and as a consequence, "Maria went shopping in the C line," Maria went shopping "first .. In sentence C," Alejandro played football "because, perhaps, he does not have anything more to do, for or because "Maria went shopping." How does the use of other coordinators change the relationship between the two clauses? What implications would the use of "not yet" or "but" to the meaning of the sentence?
http://www.eslbee.com/sentences.htm
A compound sentence is a sentence the which has two independent clauses linked together. A compound sentence has to have the two clauses linked together by a conjunction of some sort. This may take the form of a correlative conjunction, a coordinating conjunction, a semicolon or functioning as a conjunction. A comma is Often used to help offset the two independent clauses as well, although it is not usually needed grammatically.
One can contrast the compound sentence with Both the simple sentence and the complex sentence. A simple sentence is a sentence in the which there is a subject and a predicate, and in the which a complete thought is expressed, allowing it to stand alone. For example, We run outside every day. is a simple sentence, as is The moon is white. A complex sentence, on the other hand, includes Both an independent clause and a dependent clause. For example, the sentence, When stars fall, I like to make-wishes. is a complex sentence, with stars fall, the dependent clause, and I like to make-wishes the independent clause.
To form a compound sentence, you take two independent clauses, the which Could serve as simple sentences by themselves, and links Them with a conjunction. The most common type of conjunction used is the coordinating conjunction. There are seven coordinating conjunctions in Bahasa: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so. These seven can be easily Remembered by the mnemonic fanboys, with each letter representing the first letter of each coordinator.
For example, We can take two simple sentences: Jane likes to watch football. and Bob learned to knit. We can then connect Them with a coordinating conjunction to create a compound sentence like: Jane likes to watch football, and Bob learned to knit. or Jane likes to watch football, so Bob learned to knit. We use the coordinating conjunction determines the meaning of our compound sentence, and of course not all Coordinators work for all independent clauses, independent clauses but all need to have at least one conjunction to be joined together.
A compound sentence can also use a pairing of words That help each other out, known as correlative conjunctions. There are four common pairings of correlative conjunctions: both and and, not only and but also, either and or, and Neither and nor. For example, We can take the independent clauses: The moon is full. and the stars are out. We can then join Them together using one of our pairings to get: Both the moon is full, and the stars are out. Neither or the moon is full, nor the stars are out.
A semicolon can also act as a conjunction to form a compound sentence. For example, We can take the two independent clauses We just used, and join Them together with a semicolon to form: The moon is full; the stars are out. In this Way We link the two clauses more closely than if We Were to have Them as a fully independent simple sentences, but We Do not link more explicitly than Them That.
A compound sentence is a sentence that has two independent clauses linked together. A compound sentence has two clauses must be linked together by a combination of some sort. This may take the form of correlative conjunctions, coordinating conjunctions, or semicolons function as a conjunction. A comma is often used to help offset the two independent clauses as well, although not usually necessary grammatical.
One can contrast compound sentence with two simple sentences and complex sentences. A simple sentence is a sentence that is the subject and predicate, and where a complete thought is expressed, allowing it to stand alone. For example, we ran out every day. is a simple sentence, like the Moon is white. A complex sentence, on the other hand, include the clause of free and bound clause. For example, the sentence, When the stars fall, I want to make a wish. is a complex sentence, with falling stars the dependent clause, and I want to create a desire independent clause.
To form a compound sentence, you take two independent clauses, which can serve as a simple sentence itself, and connect them with a joint. The most common type used is to coordinate the joint. There are seven coordinating conjunctions in English: for, and, or, but, or, yet, and so on. Seven can be easily remembered by the mnemonic fanboys, with each letter representing the first letter of each coordinator.
For example, we can take two simple sentences: Jane likes to watch football. and Bob learn to knit. We can then connect them with coordinating together to create a compound sentence such as: Jane likes to watch football, and Bob learn to knit. or Jane likes to watch football, so that Bob learned to knit. Coordinating conjunctions we use to determine the meaning of our compound sentence, and certainly not all coordinators work for all the independent clause, independent clauses but all must have at least one conjunction must join together.
A compound sentence can also use a pair of mutual help, which is known as correlative conjunctions. There are four common pair of correlative conjunctions: both and and, not only but also, either and or, and good and not. For example, we can take an independent clause: a full moon. The stars and beyond. We can then join them together using one of our partners to get the: Second full moon, and stars are out. or also a full moon, or stars are out.
semicolon can also act as a frame to form a compound sentence. For example, we can take two independent clauses we just used, and join them together with a semicolon to form: the full Moon; the stars are out. In this way we connect the two clauses is closer than if we have them as fully independent simple sentences, but we do not link them more explicit than that.
One can contrast the compound
sentence with both the simple sentence and the complex sentence. A simple sentence is a sentence in
which there is a subject and a predicate,
and in which a complete thought is expressed, allowing it to stand alone. For
example, We run outside every day. is a simple sentence,
as is The moon is white. A complex sentence,
on the other hand, includes both an independent clause and a dependent clause.
For example, the sentence, When stars fall, I
like to make wishes. is a complex sentence,
with stars fall the dependent clause, and I like to make wishes
the independent clause.
To form a compound sentence, you take two independent clauses, which could
serve as simple sentences by themselves, and link them with a conjunction. The
most common type of conjunction used is the coordinating conjunction. There are
seven coordinating conjunctions in English: for,
and, nor, but, or, yet, and so.
These seven can be easily remembered by the mnemonic FANBOYS, with
each letter representing the first letter of each coordinator.
For example, we can take two simple sentences: Jane
likes to watch football. and Bob learned to knit. We can then
connect them with a coordinating conjunction to create a compound sentence like: Jane
likes to watch football, and Bob learned to knit. or Jane likes to
watch football, so Bob learned to knit. The coordinating conjunction we
use determines the meaning of our compound sentence, and of course not all coordinators work for
all independent clauses, but all independent clauses need to have at least one
conjunction to be joined together.
A compound sentence can also use a pairing of words that help each
other out, known as correlative conjunctions. There are four common pairings of
correlative conjunctions: both and and, not only and
but also, either and or, and neither and nor.
For example, we can take the independent clauses: The moon is full.
and The stars are out. We can then join them together using one of our
pairings to get: Both the moon is full, and the stars are out. or Neither
the moon is full, nor the stars are out.
A semicolon can also act as a conjunction to form a
compound sentence.
For example, we can take the two independent clauses we just used, and join
them together with a semicolon to form: The moon is full; the stars are
out. In this way we link the two clauses more closely than if we were to
have them as fully independent simple sentences, but we don’t link them more
explicitly than that.
Reference : oshima, alice, writing in professional,
2006, person longman,
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